Batubayaer Ba

Keywords: Torgut Khanate, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, “精进修行

Abstract

This paper discusses the Torgut khans of 17th and 18th centuries and a seal("tamga") on a document written in Todo (Clear script) which they used in theircorrespondences with Tsarist Russia. In this seal, there is an expression in Chinesecharacters: "精进修行." This work explains the date, the meaning and the script ofthis seal of the Torgut khans.