A Study of a Suffix Used After Turkmen Onomatopoeic Words Ending in /k/ or /ňk

Abstract

In Turkish, verbs such as çağır- 'to call, to invite' and çığır- 'to scream' are believed to have been formed by adding the denominal suffix +kIr- to certain onomatopoeic words. According to this rule the stems of the above-mentioned examples should be ça and çı. Our study shows that these onomatopoeic words exist in Old Turkish, Turkmen language and Anatolian Turkish dialects and new nouns are made when they are followed by the denominal nominal suffıx +lIk . They are used as çāḳ, çīḳ and Şīḳ denoting 'a call' or 'a scream' respectively. CîŞ is widely used in Persian and with the auxiliary verb zädän it makes up the compound verb cîŞ zädän meaning 'to scream'. The equivalent of this verb in Old Turkish is çīk ur- Following a phonetic change, it becomes çığır-, and in the course of this change the auxiliary verb ur- turns into the denominal verb suffix +Ir- making verbs from certain onomatopoeic words which end in /k/ or /ňk/.When the denominal suffix is added to such onomatopoeic words, nouns such as çāḳılıḳ 'invitation,' Şīḳılıḳ 'scream, loud noise,' hayḳılḳ 'shouting,' and sīḳılıḳ 'whisling' come about in the Turkmen language. Turkmen word "sübse" with an onomatopoeic root not ending in /k/ or /ňk/.from which the verb "süpür-" comes about after it is used wıth the auxiliary verb ur